DiMaggio, C. et al. Traumatic injury in the United States: in-patient epidemiology 2000–2011. Injury 47, 1393–1403 (2016).
Google Scholar
Carter, J. T., Pisquiy, J. J., Polmear, M., Khalifa, R. & Gonzalez, G. A new classification of iatrogenic peripheral nerve injuries. Biol. Med. 12, 464 (2020).
Omling, E. et al. Population-based incidence rate of inpatient and outpatient surgical procedures in a high-income country. Br. J. Surg. 105, 86–95 (2017).
Google Scholar
Fox, I. K. & Mackinnon, S. E. Adult peripheral nerve disorders: nerve entrapment, repair, transfer, and brachial plexus disorders. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 127, 105e–118e (2011).
Google Scholar
Ciaramitaro, P. et al. Italian network for traumatic, traumatic peripheral nerve injuries: epidemiological findings, neuropathic pain and quality of life in 158 patients. J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst. 15, 120–127 (2010).
Google Scholar
Bailey, R., Kaskutas, V., Fox, I., Baum, C. M. & Mackinnon, S. E. Effect of upper extremity nerve damage on activity participation, pain, depression, and quality of life. J. Hand Surg. Am. 34, 1682–1688 (2009).
Google Scholar
Antfolk, C. et al. Sensory feedback in upper limb prosthetics. Expert Rev. Med. Devices 10, 45–54 (2013).
Google Scholar
Grinsell, D. & Keating, C. P. Peripheral nerve reconstruction after injury: a review of clinical and experimental therapies. Biomed Res. Int. 2014, 698256 (2014).
Gao, Y. et al. Nerve autografts and tissue- engineered materials for the repair of peripheral nerve injuries: a 5-year bibliometric analysis. Neural Regen. Res. 10, 1003–1008 (2015).
Google Scholar
Kornfeld, T., Vogt, P. M. & Radtke, C. Nerve grafting for peripheral nerve injuries with extended defect sizes. Wien. Med. Wochenschr. 169, 240–251 (2019).
Google Scholar
Chiono, V. & Tonda-Turo, C. Trends in the design of nerve guidance channels in peripheral nerve tissue engineering. Prog. Neurobiol. 131, 87–104 (2015).
Google Scholar
Matsumoto, K. et al. Peripheral nerve regeneration across an 80-mm gap bridged by a polyglycolic acid (PGA)–collagen tube filled with laminin-coated collagen fibers: a histological and electrophysiological evaluation of regenerated nerves. Brain Res. 868, 315–328 (2000).
Google Scholar
Wang, X. et al. Dog sciatic nerve regeneration across a 30-mm defect bridged by a chitosan/PGA artificial nerve graft. Brain 128, 1897–1910 (2005).
Google Scholar
Ceballos, D. et al. Magnetically aligned collagen gel filling a collagen nerve guide improves peripheral nerve regeneration. Exp. Neurol. 158, 290–300 (1999).
Google Scholar
Lohmeyer, J. A., Shen, Z.-L., Walter, G. F. & Berger, A. Bridging extended nerve defects with an artifcial nerve graft containing schwann cells pre-seeded on polyglactin filaments. Int. J. Artif. Organs 30, 64–75 (2007).
Google Scholar
Verdú, E. et al. Alignment of collagen and laminin-containing gels improve nerve regeneration within silicone tubes. Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. 20, 169–179 (2002).
Google Scholar
Cai, J., Peng, X., Nelson, K. D., Eberhart, R. & Smith, G. M. Permeable guidance channels containing microfilament scaffolds enhance axon growth and maturation. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A 75A, 374–386 (2005).
Google Scholar
Gu, Y. et al. Application of marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular matrix in peripheral nerve tissue engineering. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 11, 2250–2260 (2016).
Google Scholar
Gnavi, S. et al. Gelatin-based hydrogel for vascular endothelial growth factor release in peripheral nerve tissue engineering. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 11, 459–470 (2014).
Google Scholar
Kohn-Polster, C. et al. Dual-component gelatinous peptide/reactive oligomer formulations as conduit material and luminal filler for peripheral nerve regeneration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18, 1104 (2017).
Google Scholar
Wood, M. D. et al. Affinity-based release of glial-derived neurotrophic factor from fibrin matrices enhances sciatic nerve regeneration. Acta Biomater. 5, 959–968 (2009).
Google Scholar
Yin, Q., Kemp, G. J., Yu, L.-G., Wagstaff, S. C. & Frostick, S. P. Neurotrophin-4 delivered by fibrin glue promotes peripheral nerve regeneration. Muscle Nerve 24, 345–351 (2001).
Google Scholar
Newman, K. D. et al. Bioactive hydrogel-filament scaffolds for nerve repair and regeneration. Int. J. Artif. Organs 29, 1082–1091 (2006).
Google Scholar
Lackington, W. A., Raftery, R. M. & O’Brien, F. J. In vitro efficacy of a gene-activated nerve guidance conduit incorporating non-viral PEI-pDNA nanoparticles carrying genes encoding for NGF, GDNF and c-Jun. Acta Biomater. 75, 115–128, (2018).
Google Scholar
Zhang, L. et al. Preparation and evaluation of an injectable chitosan-hyaluronic acid hydrogel for peripheral nerve regeneration. J. Wuhan. Univ. Technol. Mater. Sci. Ed. 31, 1401–1407 (2016).
Google Scholar
Carriel, V. et al. Combination of fibrin-agarose hydrogels and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration. J. Neural Eng. 10, 026022 (2013).
Google Scholar
Kalbermatten, D. F. et al. Fibrin matrix for suspension of regenerative cells in an artificial nerve conduit. J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg. 61, 669–675 (2008).
Google Scholar
Meyer, C. et al. Peripheral nerve regeneration through hydrogel-enriched chitosan conduits containing engineered schwann cells for drug delivery. Cell Transplant. 25, 159–182 (2016).
Google Scholar
Du, J. et al. Prompt peripheral nerve regeneration induced by a hierarchically aligned fibrin nanofiber hydrogel. Acta Biomater. 55, 296–309 (2017).
Google Scholar
Dietzmeyer, N. et al. In vivo and in vitro evaluation of a novel hyaluronic acid–laminin hydrogel as luminal filler and carrier system for genetically engineered schwann cells in critical gap length tubular peripheral nerve graft in rats. Cell Transplant. 29, 096368972091009 (2020).
Google Scholar
Gu, X., Ding, F., Yang, Y. & Liu, J. Construction of tissue engineered nerve grafts and their application in peripheral nerve regeneration. Prog. Neurobiol. 93, 204–230 (2011).
Google Scholar
Ezra, M., Bushman, J., Shreiber, D., Schachner, M. & Kohn, J. Porous and nonporous nerve conduits: the effects of a hydrogel luminal filler with and without a neurite-promoting moiety. Tissue Eng. Part A 22, 818–826 (2016).
Google Scholar
Bhatnagar, D. et al. Fibrin glue as a stabilization strategy in peripheral nerve repair when using porous nerve guidance conduits. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 28, 79 (2017).
Fertala, J. et al. Collagen‐rich deposit formation in the sciatic nerve after injury and surgical repair: a study of collagen‐producing cells in a rabbit model. Brain Behav. 10, e01802 (2020).
Evans, E. B., Brady, S. W., Tripathi, A. & Hoffman-Kim, D. Schwann cell durotaxis can be guided by physiologically relevant stiffness gradients. Biomater. Res. 22, 14 (2018).
Sundararaghavan, H. G., Monteiro, G. A., Firestein, B. L. & Shreiber, D. I. Neurite growth in 3D collagen gels with gradients of mechanical properties. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 102, 632–643 (2009).
Google Scholar
Wong, L. et al. Substrate stiffness directs diverging vascular fates. Acta Biomater. 15, 321–329 (2019).
Google Scholar
Lee, S. K. & Wolfe, S. W. Peripheral nerve injury and repair. J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. 8, 243–252 (2000).
Google Scholar
Pace, L. A. et al. Human hair keratin hydrogel scaffold enhances median nerve regeneration in nonhuman primates: an electrophysiological and histological study. Tissue Eng. Part A 20, 507–17 (2013).
Google Scholar
Cattin, A. L. et al. Macrophage- induced blood vessels guide schwann cell-mediated regeneration of peripheral nerves. Cell 162, 1127–1139 (2015).
Google Scholar
Prest, T. A. et al. Nerve-specific, xenogeneic extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes recovery following peripheral nerve injury. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A 106, 450–459 (2017).
Google Scholar
Kaplan, H. M., Mishra, P. & Kohn, J. The overwhelming use of rat models in nerve regeneration research may compromise designs of nerve guidance conduits for humans. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 26, 226 (2015).
Isaacs, J. & Browne, T. Overcoming short gaps in peripheral nerve repair: conduits and human acellular nerve allograft. HAND (N Y) 9, 131–137 (2014).
Google Scholar
Pavić, R., Pavić, M. L., Tot, O. K., Benšić, M. & Heffer-Lauc, M. Side distinct sciatic nerve recovery differences between rats and mice. Somatosens. Mot. Res. 25, 163–170 (2008).
Google Scholar
Battiston, B., Geuna, S., Ferrero, M. & Tos, P. Nerve repair by means of tubulization: literature review and personal clinical experience comparing biological and synthetic conduits for sensory nerve repair. Microsurgery 25, 258–267 (2005).
Google Scholar
