Veronesi, F., Torricelli, P., Della Bella, E., Pagani, S. & Fini, M. In vitro mutual interaction between tenocytes and adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 17, 215–223 (2015).
Google Scholar
Butler, D. L., Juncosa, N. & Dressler, M. R. Functional efficacy of tendon repair processes. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 6, 303–329 (2004).
Google Scholar
Liu, G.-M. et al. Bridging repair of large rotator cuff tears using a multilayer decellularized tendon slices graft in a rabbit model. Arthrosc.: J. Arthroscopic Relat. Surg. 34, 2569–2578 (2018).
Google Scholar
Pan, J. et al. Rotator cuff repair using a decellularized tendon slices graft: an in vivo study in a rabbit model. Knee Surg., Sports Traumatol., Arthrosc. 23, 1524–1535 (2014).
Google Scholar
Wong, R., Alam, N., McGrouther, A. D. & Wong, J. K. F. Tendon grafts: their natural history, biology and future development. J. Hand Surg. (Eur. Vol.) 40, 669–681 (2015).
Google Scholar
Mellado, J. M. et al. Surgically repaired massive rotator cuff tears: MRI of tendon integrity, muscle fatty degeneration, and muscle atrophy correlated with intraoperative and clinical findings. AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 184, 1456 (2005).
Google Scholar
Zouani, O. F., Kalisky, J., Ibarboure, E. & Durrieu, M. C. Effect of BMP-2 from matrices of different stiffnesses for the modulation of stem cell fate. Biomaterials 34, 2157–2166 (2013).
Google Scholar
Choi, J. S. & Harley, B. A. The combined influence of substrate elasticity and ligand density on the viability and biophysical properties of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Biomaterials 33, 4460–4468 (2012).
Google Scholar
Discher, D. E., Janmey, P. & Wang, Y. L. Tissue cells feel and respond to the stiffness of their substrate. Science 310, 1139–1143 (2005).
Google Scholar
Qin, T.-W. et al. Mechanical characteristics of native tendon slices for tissue engineering scaffold. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B: Appl. Biomater. 100B, 752–758 (2012).
Google Scholar
Sharma, R. I. & Snedeker, J. G. Paracrine interactions between mesenchymal stem cells affect substrate driven differentiation toward tendon and bone phenotypes. PLoS ONE 7, e31504 (2012).
Google Scholar
Engler, A. J., Sen, S., Sweeney, H. L. & Discher, D. E. Matrix elasticity directs stem cell lineage specification. Cell 126, 677–689 (2006).
Google Scholar
Ricchetti, E. T., Aurora, A., Iannotti, J. P. & Derwin, K. A. Scaffold devices for rotator cuff repair. J. Shoulder Elb. Surg. 21, 251–265 (2012).
Google Scholar
Murthi, A. M., Ramirez, M. A., Parks, B. G. & Carpenter, S. R. Lacertus fibrosus versus Achilles allograft reconstruction for distal biceps tears: a biomechanical study. Am. J. Sports Med. 45, 3340–3344 (2017).
Google Scholar
Galloway, M. T., Lalley, A. L. & Shearn, J. T. The role of mechanical loading in tendon development, maintenance, injury, and repair. J. Bone Jt. Surg. Am. 95, 1620–1628 (2013).
Google Scholar
Qin, T.-W. et al. Effect of mechanical stimulation on bone marrow stromal cell–seeded tendon slice constructs: a potential engineered tendon patch for rotator cuff repair. Biomaterials 51, 43–50 (2015).
Google Scholar
Tabata, Y. Biomaterial technology for tissue engineering applications. J. R. Soc. Interface 6(Suppl 3), S311–S324 (2009).
Google Scholar
Thevenot, P. T. et al. The effect of incorporation of SDF-1alpha into PLGA scaffolds on stem cell recruitment and the inflammatory response. Biomaterials 31, 3997–4008 (2010).
Google Scholar
Chen, P. et al. Radially oriented collagen scaffold with SDF-1 promotes osteochondral repair by facilitating cell homing. Biomaterials 39, 114–123 (2015).
Google Scholar
Kim, J. H., Jung, Y., Kim, B. S. & Kim, S. H. Stem cell recruitment and angiogenesis of neuropeptide substance P coupled with self-assembling peptide nanofiber in a mouse hind limb ischemia model. Biomaterials 34, 1657–1668 (2013).
Google Scholar
Klein, M. B., Yalamanchi, N., Pham, H., Longaker, M. T. & Chang, J. Flexor tendon healing in vitro: effects of TGF-beta on tendon cell collagen production. J. Hand Surg. Am. 27, 615–620 (2002).
Google Scholar
Chen, L., Tredget, E. E., Wu, P. Y. & Wu, Y. Paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells recruit macrophages and endothelial lineage cells and enhance wound healing. PLoS ONE 3, e1886 (2008).
Google Scholar
Hou, Y. et al. The roles of TGF-beta1 gene transfer on collagen formation during Achilles tendon healing. Biochem Biophys. Res Commun. 383, 235–239 (2009).
Google Scholar
Komatsu, I., Wang, J. H., Iwasaki, K., Shimizu, T. & Okano, T. The effect of tendon stem/progenitor cell (TSC) sheet on the early tendon healing in a rat Achilles tendon injury model. Acta Biomater. 42, 136–146 (2016).
Google Scholar
Lui, P. P., Wong, O. T. & Lee, Y. W. Application of tendon-derived stem cell sheet for the promotion of graft healing in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am. J. Sports Med. 42, 681–689 (2014).
Google Scholar
Ni, M. et al. Engineered scaffold-free tendon tissue produced by tendon-derived stem cells. Biomaterials 34, 2024–2037 (2013).
Google Scholar
Xu, Y. et al. Preparation and characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds. J. Biomed. Mater. Res B Appl Biomater. 103, 670–678 (2015).
Google Scholar
Rehmann, M. S., Luna, J. I., Maverakis, E. & Kloxin, A. M. Tuning microenvironment modulus and biochemical composition promotes human mesenchymal stem cell tenogenic differentiation. J. Biomed. Mater. Res A 104, 1162–1174 (2016).
Google Scholar
Ning, L. J. et al. The utilization of decellularized tendon slices to provide an inductive microenvironment for the proliferation and tenogenic differentiation of stem cells. Biomaterials 52, 539–550 (2015).
Google Scholar
Bi, Y. et al. Identification of tendon stem/progenitor cells and the role of the extracellular matrix in their niche. Nat. Med. 13, 1219–1227 (2007).
Google Scholar
Yao, X. et al. Stem cell extracellular matrix-modified decellularized tendon slices facilitate the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng. 5, 4485–4495 (2019).
Google Scholar
Li, W. et al. Subcutaneously engineered autologous extracellular matrix scaffolds with aligned microchannels for enhanced tendon regeneration: Aligned microchannel scaffolds for tendon repair. Biomaterials 224, 119488 (2019).
Google Scholar
Wang, S. et al. Decellularized tendon as a prospective scaffold for tendon repair. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. Mater. Biol. Appl. 77, 1290–1301 (2017).
Google Scholar
Youngstrom, D. W., Barrett, J. G., Jose, R. R. & Kaplan, D. L. Functional characterization of detergent-decellularized equine tendon extracellular matrix for tissue engineering applications. PLoS ONE 8, e64151 (2013).
Google Scholar
Yang, G. et al. Enhancement of tenogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells by tendon-derived extracellular matrix. Biomaterials 34, 9295–9306 (2013).
Google Scholar
Schulze-Tanzil, G., Al-Sadi, O., Ertel, W. & Lohan, A. Decellularized tendon extracellular matrix—a valuable approach for tendon reconstruction? Cells 1, 1010–1028 (2012).
Google Scholar
Ning, L. J. et al. Fabrication and characterization of a decellularized bovine tendon sheet for tendon reconstruction. J. Biomed. Mater. Res A 105, 2299–2311 (2017).
Google Scholar
Cui, J. et al. Influence of the integrity of tendinous membrane and fascicle on biomechanical characteristics of tendon-derived scaffolds. Biomed. Mater. 16, 015029 (2020).
Zhang, C. H. et al. Evaluation of decellularized bovine tendon sheets for achilles tendon defect reconstruction in a rabbit model. Am. J. Sports Med. 46, 2687–2699 (2018).
Google Scholar
Guo, J., Chan, K. M., Zhang, J. F. & Li, G. Tendon-derived stem cells undergo spontaneous tenogenic differentiation. Exp. Cell Res. 341, 1–7 (2016).
Google Scholar
Shen, W. et al. Allogenous tendon stem/progenitor cells in silk scaffold for functional shoulder repair. Cell Transpl. 21, 943–958 (2012).
Google Scholar
Urbanczyk, M., Layland, S. L. & Schenke-Layland, K. The role of extracellular matrix in biomechanics and its impact on bioengineering of cells and 3D tissues. Matrix Biol. 85-86, 1–14 (2020).
Google Scholar
Frontera, W. R. Physiologic changes of the musculoskeletal system with aging: a brief review. Phys. Med Rehabil. Clin. N. Am. 28, 705–711 (2017).
Google Scholar
Hsu, J. E., Horneff, J. G. & Gee, A. O. Immobilization after rotator cuff repair: what evidence do we have now? Orthop. Clin. North Am. 47, 169–177 (2016).
Google Scholar
Yang, S. et al. Oriented collagen fiber membranes formed through counter-rotating extrusion and their application in tendon regeneration. Biomaterials 207, 61–75 (2019).
Google Scholar
Liu, Y., Ramanath, H. S. & Wang, D. A. Tendon tissue engineering using scaffold enhancing strategies. Trends Biotechnol. 26, 201–209 (2008).
Google Scholar
He, F., Chen, X. & Pei, M. J. T. E. P. A. Reconstruction of an in vitro tissue-specific microenvironment to rejuvenate synovium-derived stem cells for cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue Eng. Part A 15, 3809–3821 (2009).
Google Scholar
Pakyari, M., Farrokhi, A., Maharlooei, M. K. & Ghahary, A. Critical role of transforming growth factor beta in different phases of wound healing. Adv. Wound Care (N. Rochelle) 2, 215–224 (2013).
Google Scholar
Behm, B., Babilas, P., Landthaler, M. & Schreml, S. Cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in wound healing. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 26, 812–820 (2012).
Google Scholar
Duperret, E. K., Natale, C. A., Monteleon, C., Dahal, A. & Ridky, T. W. The integrin alphav-TGFbeta signaling axis is necessary for epidermal proliferation during cutaneous wound healing. Cell Cycle 15, 2077–2086 (2016).
Google Scholar
Abrahamsson, S. O. J. J. O. O. R. Similar effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I and II on cellular activities in flexor tendons of young rabbits: experimental studies in vitro. J. Orthop. Res. 15, 256–262 (1997).
Google Scholar
Shimode, K. et al. Local upregulation of stromal cell-derived factor-1 after ligament injuries enhances homing rate of bone marrow stromal cells in rats. Tissue Eng. Part A 15, 2277–2284 (2009).
Google Scholar
Peng, R., Yao, X. & Ding, J. Effect of cell anisotropy on differentiation of stem cells on micropatterned surfaces through the controlled single cell adhesion. Biomaterials 32, 8048–8057 (2011).
Google Scholar
Julier, Z., Park, A. J., Briquez, P. S. & Martino, M. M. Promoting tissue regeneration by modulating the immune system. Acta Biomater. 53, 13–28 (2017).
Google Scholar
Miller, F. D. & Kaplan, D. R. Mobilizing endogenous stem cells for repair and regeneration: are we there yet? Cell Stem Cell 10, 650–652 (2012).
Google Scholar
Yu, H. et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote tendon regeneration by facilitating the proliferation and migration of endogenous tendon stem/progenitor cells. Acta Biomater. 106, 328–341 (2020).
Google Scholar
Wang, Y. et al. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 accelerates cartilage defect repairing by recruiting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promoting chondrogenic differentiation. Tissue Eng. Part A 23, 1160–1168 (2017).
Google Scholar
Veronesi, F. et al. Mesenchymal stem cells for tendon healing: what is on the horizon? J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 11, 3202–3219 (2017).
Google Scholar
Dekoninck, S. & Blanpain, C. Stem cell dynamics, migration and plasticity during wound healing. Nat. Cell Biol. 21, 18–24 (2019).
Google Scholar
Lin, J. et al. Cell-material interactions in tendon tissue engineering. Acta Biomater. 70, 1–11 (2018).
Google Scholar
Spiller, K. L. & Koh, T. J. Macrophage-based therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 122, 74–83 (2017).
Google Scholar
Morris, A. H., Stamer, D. K. & Kyriakides, T. R. The host response to naturally-derived extracellular matrix biomaterials. Semin Immunol. 29, 72–91 (2017).
Google Scholar
Sicari, B. M. et al. The promotion of a constructive macrophage phenotype by solubilized extracellular matrix. Biomaterials 35, 8605–8612 (2014).
Google Scholar
Savitri, C., Ha, S. S., Liao, E., Du, P. & Park, K. Extracellular matrices derived from different cell sources and their effect on macrophage behavior and wound healing. J. Mater. Chem. B 8, 9744–9755 (2020).
Google Scholar
Mantovani, A. et al. The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization. Trends Immunol. 25, 677–686 (2004).
Google Scholar
Spiller, K. L. et al. Sequential delivery of immunomodulatory cytokines to facilitate the M1-to-M2 transition of macrophages and enhance vascularization of bone scaffolds. Biomaterials 37, 194–207 (2015).
Google Scholar
Zhu, M. et al. In vivo engineered extracellular matrix scaffolds with instructive niches for oriented tissue regeneration. Nat. Commun. 10, 4620 (2019).
Google Scholar
Sharma, P., & Maffulli, N. Tendon injury and tendinopathy: healing and repair. J. Bone Joint. Surg. Am. 87, 187–202 (2005).
Google Scholar
Melincovici, C. S. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) – key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis. Rom. J. Morphol. Embryol. 59, 455–467 (2018).
Google Scholar
Petersen, W. et al. The angiogenic peptide vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expressed during the remodeling of free tendon grafts in sheep. Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg. 123, 168–174 (2003).
Google Scholar
Molloy, T., Yao, W. & Murrell, G. J. S. M. The roles of growth factors in tendon and ligament healing. Sports Med. 33, 381–394 (2003).
Google Scholar
Yang, B. et al. Development of a porcine bladder acellular matrix with well-preserved extracellular bioactive factors for tissue engineering. Tissue Eng. Part C. Methods 16, 1201–1211 (2010).
Google Scholar
Murrell, G. A. C. et al. The achilles functional index. J. Orthop. Res. 10, 398–404 (1992).
Google Scholar

